What is an AV fistula primarily used for in dialysis patients?

An AV fistula, or arteriovenous fistula, is primarily created to provide access for hemodialysis in patients with renal failure. This surgical connection between an artery and a vein allows for increased blood flow, which is essential for the efficient removal of toxins and excess fluid during dialysis treatment. By using a fistula, which matures over time, a technician can achieve reliable and long-term access to the patient's bloodstream, which is crucial for the dialysis process. This method is preferred due to its durability and lower risk of complications compared to other access options, such as catheters.

The other options do not pertain to the primary function of an AV fistula. Kidneys can be transplanted, but this is unrelated to the role of an AV fistula. While medications can be administered through various access points, this is not the primary use of a fistula in dialysis. Lastly, isolating nerves during surgery does not relate to the function of an AV fistula, as it is specifically used for vascular access in hemodialysis patients.