What condition is characterized by inflammation of the kidney glomerulus?

The condition characterized by inflammation of the kidney glomerulus is glomerulonephritis. This term specifically refers to the inflammation that occurs in the glomeruli, which are the tiny filtering units in the kidneys responsible for filtering blood and forming urine. Glomerulonephritis can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, or conditions that lead to inflammation of the glomerular structures.

While nephritis generally refers to inflammation of the kidneys, it is a broader term that can encompass various conditions affecting the kidney, including both glomerular and interstitial inflammation. Pyelonephritis, on the other hand, specifically refers to a kidney infection affecting the renal pelvis and is often a result of a bacterial infection ascending from the urinary tract. Cystitis refers to inflammation of the bladder. Thus, glomerulonephritis is the most precise answer for inflammation specifically targeting the kidney's glomerulus.