Hyperkalemia can lead to which severe condition?

Hyperkalemia, which is characterized by elevated levels of potassium in the blood, can indeed lead to cardiac arrest, making this the correct answer. Potassium plays a crucial role in the electrical activity of the heart. The heart requires a delicate balance of potassium to function properly, and excess potassium can disrupt this balance, leading to dangerous heart rhythm abnormalities known as arrhythmias. In severe cases, these can escalate to cardiac arrest, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical intervention.

While hyperkalemia can have implications for respiratory function, kidney function, and neurological status, the most direct and life-threatening consequence relates to its effect on the cardiac system. Thus, the risk of cardiac arrest is the most critical concern when addressing hyperkalemia in a clinical setting.