How does Reverse Osmosis function?

Reverse osmosis is a water treatment process that uses pressure to separate substances from water. This technique works by pushing water through a semipermeable membrane that allows only certain molecules, such as water, to pass through while keeping larger molecules, ions, and contaminants on the other side. The application of pressure is crucial because it overcomes the natural osmotic pressure that would normally prevent water from passing through the membrane without any external force.

This mechanism is particularly important in applications such as dialysis, where the removal of impurities and toxins from blood or water is essential. The effectiveness of reverse osmosis relies on the pressure differential created across the membrane, facilitating the purification process and ensuring that the resulting output is clean and free from harmful substances. Understanding this fundamental principle is critical in the field of hemodialysis, ensuring effective treatment and patient safety.